三八妇女节的由来和习俗资料中英文对照 急用！！！

1、西方节日起源：

Origin of western festivals:

设立国际妇女节的想法最先产生于20世纪初。在1857年3月8日，美国纽约的制衣和纺织女工走上街头，*恶劣的工作条件和低薪。尽管后来当局出动*攻击并驱散了*的人群，但这次*活动促成了两年后的3月第一个工会组织的建立。

The idea of establishing international women's day originated in the early 20th century. On March 8, 1857, women garment and textile workers in New York took to the streets to protest against poor working conditions and low wages. Although police were later called in to attack and disperse the protesters, the protests led to the formation of the first union two years later in March.

2、中国妇女节史：

History of Chinese women's day:

1924年3月8日上午，中国第一个公开纪念“三八”国际妇女节活动在广州举行，广州各界妇女2000多人参加。何香凝主持大会并发表演讲，介绍了“三八”妇女节的由来及纪念它的意义，痛述了广大妇女在帝国主义、封建主义压迫下所遭受的种种苦难。

On the morning of March 8, 1924, China's first public commemoration of the international women's day was held in guangzhou. He xiangning presided over the conference and delivered a speech, introced the "38" women's day origin and commemorate its significance, pain described the majority of women in the imperialist, feudal oppression suffered by a variety of suffering.

同时鼓励妇女坚决地走“*封建主义，*帝国主义和妇女自求解放的道路。”此后，“三八”国际妇女节在各地、各妇女团体间迅速传播，每年的庆祝活动不断。

At the same time, women are encouraged to resolutely take the road of "overthrowing feudalism, overthrowing imperialism and women seeking their own liberation". Since then, the "38" international women's day in various places, the rapid spread of women's groups, the annual celebrations.

在这一天，世界各大洲的妇女，不分国籍、种族、语言、文化、经济和*的差异，共同关注妇女的*。近几十年来，联合国的四次全球性会议加强了国际妇女运动，随着国际妇女运动的成长，妇女节取得了全球性的意义。

On this day, women of all continents, regardless of nationality, race, language, cultural, economic and political differences, pay attention to the human rights of women. In recent decades, four global conferences of the United Nations have strengthened the international women's movement. With the growth of the international women's movement, women's day has gained global significance.

1、西方节日起源：

Origin of western festivals:

设立国际妇女节的想法最先产生于20世纪初。在1857年3月8日，美国纽约的制衣和纺织女工走上街头，*恶劣的工作条件和低薪。尽管后来当局出动*攻击并驱散了*的人群，但这次*活动促成了两年后的3月第一个工会组织的建立。

The
idea of establishing international women's day originated in the early
20th century. On March 8, 1857, women garment and textile workers in New
York took to the streets to protest against poor working conditions and
low wages. Although police were later called in to attack and disperse
the protesters, the protests led to the formation of the first union two
years later in March.

妇女节意义：

国际妇女节是在每年的3月8日为庆祝妇女在经济、*和社会等领域做出的重要贡献和取得的巨大成就而设立的节日。同时，也是为了纪念在1911年美国纽约三角工厂火灾中丧生的140多名女工。

在西方国家，国际妇女节的纪念活动在上世纪二三十年代期间正常举行，但后来一度中断。直到1960年代，随着女权运动的兴起才又逐渐恢复。

On March 8, 1903, in order to fight against the oppression, exploitation and discrimination of the bourgeoisie and strive for freedom and equality, women workers in Chicago held a general strike and demonstration. This struggle has been supported and warmly responded by the majority of working women in the United States.

1910年，一些国家的先进妇女在丹麦首都哥本哈根举行第二次国际社会主义者妇女代表大会。大会根据主持会议的德国社会主义*家蔡特金的建议，为了加强世界劳动妇女的团结和支持妇女争取自由平等的斗争，规定每年的3月8日为国际妇女节。

In 1910, advanced women from some countries held the second international socialist women's Congress in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. According to the proposal of zeitkin, the German Socialist revolutionist who presided over the conference, in order to strengthen the unity of working women in the world and support women's struggle for freedom and equality, the General Assembly stipulates March 8 as international women's day every year.

联合国从1975年国际妇女开始庆祝国际妇女节，从此"三八"节就成为全世界劳动妇女为争取和平、争取妇女儿童的权利、争取妇女解放而斗争的伟大节日。

The United Nations began to celebrate International Women's day in 1975. Since then, "March 8" has become a great festival for working women all over the world to fight for peace, the rights of women and children, and women's liberation.

妇女节的来历 ——中国妇女节由来

The origin of women's Day

中国早在1924年，就开始庆祝三八妇女节。当年**执行委员会妇女部*何香凝在广州召开的*大会上提出了「妇女在法律上、经济上、教育上一律平等」的提案，成为三八妇女节扎根在中国的契机。到了*党当权时期，官媒《人民日报》确认「三八」国际妇女节和「新中国妇女」形象。

As early as 1924, China began to celebrate March 8 women's day. He Xiangning, Minister of women's Department of the central executive committee of the Kuomintang, put forward the proposal of "women are equal in law, economy and ecation" at the Kuomintang Congress held in Guangzhou, 

which became an opportunity for women's day to take root in China. When the Communist Party was in power, the official People's daily confirmed the image of "March 8" International Women's day and "new Chinese women". 

可惜，*党只是利用妇女节作为宣扬*思想的手段，并没有真正关注妇女权益，正如1960年妇女节《人民日报》载道：「全国妇女一定要人人树雄心，个个立大志，争取成为红、勤、巧、俭的社会主义劳动妇女，为完成和超额完成1960年国家建设计划，为高速度建设社会主义作出更大的贡献」。

    Unfortunately, the Communist Party only used women's day as a means to publicize political ideas, and did not really pay attention to women's rights and interests. As the people's daily of women's day in 1960 put it, "every woman in the country must set up an ambition and make great efforts to become a red, diligent, skillful and thrifty socialist working woman. 

In order to complete and overfulfil the 1960 national construction plan, the Communist Party has set a high speed We will make greater contributions to building socialism. ". 

1911年的3月8日为第一个国际劳动妇女节。

我国于1922年开始纪念三八节。中国妇女第一次群众性的纪念三八节活动是1924年在广州举行的。

1949年12月，**政务院规定每年的3月8日为妇女节。联合国从1975年国际妇女年开始庆祝国际妇女节，确认普通妇女争取平等参与社会的传统。1977年大会通过了一项决议，请每个国家按照自己的历史和民族传统习俗，选定一年中的某一天为联合国妇女权利和世界和平日。对联合国而言，国际妇女节定为3月8日。

March 8, 1911 was the first international working women's day.

China began to commemorate the 38th festival in 1922. The first mass commemoration of the 38th festival of Chinese women was held in Guangzhou in 1924.

In December 1949, the executive yuan of the Central People's government set March 8 as women's day every year. Since the International Year of women in 1975, the United Nations has celebrated International Women's day, recognizing the tradition of ordinary women striving for equal participation in society. 

In 1977, the General Assembly adopted a resolution inviting each country to choose a day of the year as the United Nations Day for women's rights and world peace, in accordance with its own history and national traditions and customs. For the United Nations, international women's Day is set for March 8.

International Women's Day (8 March) is an occasion marked by women's groups around the world. This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday. When women on all continents, often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences, come together to celebrate their Day, they can look back to a tradition that represents at least nine decades of struggle for equality, justice, peace and development.
　　International Women's Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history; it is rooted in the centuries-old struggle of women to participate in society on an equal footing with men. In ancient Greece, Lysistrata initiated a sexual strike against men in order to end war; ring the French Revolution, Parisian women calling for "liberty, equality, fraternity" marched on Versailles to demand women's suffrage.
　　The idea of an International Women's Day first arose at the turn of the century, which in the instrialized world was a period of expansion and turbulence, booming population growth and radical ideologies. Following is a brief chronology of the most important events:
　　1909
　　In accordance with a declaration by the Socialist Party of America, the first National Woman's Day was observed across the United States on 28 February. Women continued to celebrate it on the last Sunday of that month through 1913.
　　1910
　　The Socialist International, meeting in Copenhagen, established a Women's Day, international in character, to honour the movement for women's rights and to assist in achieving universal suffrage for women. The proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries, which included the first three women elected to the Finnish parliament. No fixed date was selected for the observance.
　　1911
　　As a result of the decision taken at Copenhagen the previous year, International Women's Day was marked for the first time (19 March) in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland, where more than one million women and men attended rallies. In addition to the right to vote and to hold public office, they demanded the right to work, to vocational training and to an end to discrimination on the job.
　　Less than a week later, on 25 March, the tragic Triangle Fire in New York City took the lives of more than 140 working girls, most of them Italian and Jewish immigrants. This event had a significant impact on labour legislation in the United States, and the working conditions leading up to the disaster were invoked ring subsequent observances of International Women's Day.
　　1913-1914
　　As part of the peace movement brewing on the eve of World War I, Russian women observed their first International Women's Day on the last Sunday in February 1913. Elsewhere in Europe, on or around 8 March of the following year, women held rallies either to protest the war or to express solidarity with their sisters.
　　1917
　　With 2 million Russian soldiers dead in the war, Russian women again chose the last Sunday in February to strike for "bread and peace". Political leaders opposed the timing of the strike, but the women went on anyway. The rest is history: Four days later the Czar was forced to abdicate and the provisional Government granted women the right to vote. That historic Sunday fell on 23 February on the Julian calendar then in use in Russia, but on 8 March on the Gregorian calendar in use elsewhere.
　　Since those early years, International Women's Day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike. The growing international women's movement, which has been strengthened by four global United Nations women's conferences, has helped make the commemoration a rallying point for coordinated efforts to demand women's rights and participation in the political and economic process. Increasingly, International Women's Day is a time to reflect on progress made, to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of women's rights.
　　The Role of the United Nations
　　Few causes promoted by the United Nations have generated more intense and widespread support than the campaign to promote and protect the equal rights of women. The Charter of the United Nations, signed in San Francisco in 1945, was the first international agreement to proclaim gender equality as a fundamental human right. Since then, the Organization has helped create a historic legacy of internationally agreed strategies, standards, programmes and goals to advance the status of women worldwide.
　　Over the years, United Nations action for the advancement of women has taken four clear directions: promotion of legal measures; mobilization of public opinion and international action; training and research, including the compilation of gender desegregated statistics; and direct assistance to disadvantaged groups. Today a central organizing principle of the work of the United Nations is that no enring solution to society's most threatening social, economic and political problems can be found without the full participation, and the full empowerment, of the world's women.

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